Humanoids
Bipedal and multi-limbed general-purpose robotic platforms designed for human-centric environments, manufacturing labor, and high-degree-of-freedom manipulation.
Active Deployments
[417 Recorded]- RoBee at Malta, New York, USA[OPERATIONAL]
Malta, New York, USA · Nov 18, 2025 · STMicroelectronics · RoBee
Details - Robo-C 2 at Dubai, UAE[OPERATIONAL]
Dubai, UAE · Feb 13, 2020 · Promobot · Robo-C 2
Details - Robody at Munich, Germany[OPERATIONAL]
Munich, Germany · Mar 1, 2024 · Devanthro · Robody
Details - Robot Era L7 at China, Asia[OPERATIONAL]
China, Asia · Jun 1, 2024 · Robot Era · Robot Era L7
Details - Robot Era L7 at United States (multiple hotel chains)[OPERATIONAL]
United States (multiple hotel chains) · Jun 1, 2024 · Robot Era · Robot Era L7
Details - RobotEra L7 at Beijing, China[OPERATIONAL]
Beijing, China · Oct 1, 2025 · Robot Era · RobotEra L7
Details - Rollin Justin at International Space Station[OPERATIONAL]
International Space Station · Jul 1, 2023 · DLR Institute of Robotics and Mechatronics · Rollin Justin
Details - SE01 at Shenzhen[OPERATIONAL]
Shenzhen · Jan 1, 2025 · EngineAI · SE01
Details - Sharpa North at Shanghai, China[OPERATIONAL]
Shanghai, China · Aug 1, 2026 · Sharpa · Sharpa North
Details - Sonny at United States (multiple hotel chains)[OPERATIONAL]
United States (multiple hotel chains) · Jun 1, 2024 · Tutor Intelligence · Sonny
Details - Sonny at Germany, Europe[OPERATIONAL]
Germany, Europe · Jun 1, 2024 · Tutor Intelligence · Sonny
Details - Sophia at Dubai, UAE[OPERATIONAL]
Dubai, UAE · Apr 16, 2024 · Hanson Robotics · Sophia
Details - Sophia at Atlanta, Georgia, USA[OPERATIONAL]
Atlanta, Georgia, USA · Jan 1, 2020 · Hanson Robotics · Sophia
Details - Sophia at Washington, DC, USA[OPERATIONAL]
Washington, DC, USA · Jan 1, 2018 · Hanson Robotics · Sophia
Details - Sophia at Cambridge, United Kingdom[OPERATIONAL]
Cambridge, United Kingdom · Jan 1, 2018 · Hanson Robotics · Sophia
Details
Hardware Platforms & Robot Models
[282 Indexed]- 4NE-1[PILOT][2025]
Cognitive humanoid robot from NEURA Robotics, designed for industrial and service applications.
NEURA Robotics · humanoids · 1 deployment
View spec - Calvin-40[PILOT][2025]
Headless industrial humanoid from Wandercraft, built on the self-balancing dynamic-gait control stack the company spent 12 years developing for medical exoskeletons.
Wandercraft · humanoids · 1 deployment
View spec - RayNex G3[PILOT]
Third-generation humanoid robot designed by Ken Okuyama.
NineRay Technology · humanoids · 0 deployments
View spec - Tesla Optimus[RESEARCH][2024–2026]
Tesla Optimus (Tesla Bot) is a general-purpose humanoid robot developed by Tesla, announced as a concept at AI Day in August 2021 and shown as working prototypes at AI Day in September 2022.
Tesla · humanoids · 6 deployments
View spec - Unitree H1[RESEARCH][2024–2026]
Unitree's full-size bipedal humanoid research platform, standing approximately 1.8 m tall and weighing 47 kg.
Unitree Robotics · humanoids · 5 deployments
View spec - Sophia[RESEARCH][2018–2024]
Sophia is a female-presenting social humanoid robot developed by Hanson Robotics, activated 14 February 2016 and first shown publicly at SXSW in March 2016; known for realistic facial expressions and conversational AI, she was granted Saudi Arabian citizenship in October 2017, the first robot to receive legal personhood.
Hanson Robotics · humanoids · 4 deployments
View spec - Tiangong (Tien Kung)[RESEARCH][2024–2025]
X-Humanoid, the Beijing Humanoid Robot Innovation Center, is a state-backed provincial innovation center established on November 2, 2023 in Beijing's Yizhuang zone, owned roughly 28.57 percent each by Beijing Jingcheng Machinery Electric, Xiaomi Robotics, and UBTech, with the remaining 14.29 percent held by Yizhuang state holdings and general manager Xiong Youjun, who is also UBTech's CTO.
X-Humanoid · humanoids · 3 deployments
View spec - Booster T1[RESEARCH][2025]
Booster Robotics' bipedal humanoid platform with motion-control SDK, aimed at research, education, and robot-sports (used widely in autonomous robot-soccer).
Booster Robotics · humanoids · 2 deployments
View spec - Fourier GR-2[RESEARCH][2024]
Fourier Intelligence's second-generation GRx humanoid (2024), since succeeded by the current flagship GR-3.
Fourier Intelligence · humanoids · 2 deployments
View spec - SE01[RESEARCH][2025]
The SE01 is EngineAI's first humanoid robot, designed as a research platform demonstrating natural-gait bipedal walking using an end-to-end neural network.
EngineAI · humanoids · 1 deployment
View spec - AgiBot Yuanzheng A2[RESEARCH][2026]
AgiBot's flagship full-size bipedal humanoid (also called 'Expedition A2'), the lead model of its Yuanzheng (远征, 'Expedition') A-series for general-purpose industrial and commercial service use.
AgiBot · humanoids · 1 deployment
View spec - AgiBot Lingxi X2[RESEARCH][2024]
AgiBot's compact bipedal humanoid in its Lingxi (灵畸) line, roughly half adult height (~1.3 m, ~34-39 kg, ~25-30 DOF (X2 / X2 Ultra variants)), designed for education, entertainment, light service, and human-robot interaction rather than industrial work.
AgiBot · humanoids · 1 deployment
View spec - PUDU D9[RESEARCH][2020]
Pudu Robotics (founded 2016 in Shenzhen; CEO Zhang Tao, also known as Felix Zhang) is a large commercial service-robot maker, with more than 130,000 robots shipped across 85-plus countries including the BellaBot delivery robot and various cleaning robots, that entered the humanoid race through its Pudu X-Lab and PUDU Embodied groups.
Pudu Robotics · humanoids · 1 deployment
View spec - Leju Kuavo[RESEARCH][2025]
Leju's full-size humanoid (~170 cm, 40+ DOF), running KaihongOS (HarmonyOS-based).
Leju Robotics · humanoids · 1 deployment
View spec - PAL TALOS[RESEARCH][2017]
PAL Robotics' full-size torque-controlled bipedal humanoid, used in research institutions for manipulation and bipedal-locomotion work.
PAL Robotics · humanoids · 1 deployment
View spec
Real-World Incidents & Failure Modes
[127 Logged]- NEURA Robotics 4NE-1 humanoid collapsed on stage during Qualcomm keynote at Computex 2026 in Taipei[MALFUNCTION]
Aug 1, 2026 · NEURA Robotics · 4NE-1 · Herzogenaurach, Germany
Details - NHTSA opens probe into 1.2 million Tesla Model 3 and Model Y vehicles over front suspension failures[REGULATORY ACTION]
Jul 31, 2026 · Tesla · Tesla Robotaxi (Model Y ADS) · Orlando, Florida, USA
Details - Fired Tesla FSD safety manager Javier Medrano sues Tesla, alleges systemic safety oversight defects and calls robotaxis cars rolling hazards[OTHER]
Jul 28, 2026 · Tesla · Tesla Robotaxi (Model Y ADS) · Orlando, Florida, USA
Details - FCC bans imports of new Chinese-made humanoid and quadruped robots, citing national security risks[REGULATORY ACTION]
Jul 28, 2026 · Unitree Robotics · Unitree Go2 · Global
Details - NHTSA probes Tesla FSD marketing after AI-related crashes[REGULATORY ACTION]
Jul 25, 2026 · Tesla · Tesla Robotaxi (Model Y ADS) · Orlando, Florida, USA
Details - Tesla remote operator crashed a Robotaxi into a tree stump in Houston, NHTSA data shows[COLLISION]
Jul 20, 2026 · Tesla · Tesla Robotaxi (Model Y ADS) · Orlando, Florida, USA
Details - Tesla robotaxi remote operator crashed vehicle into metal fence in Houston[COLLISION]
Jul 20, 2026 · Tesla · Tesla Robotaxi (Model Y ADS) · Orlando, Florida, USA
Details - Tesla Robotaxi remote operator crashed into tree stump in Houston[COLLISION]
Jul 20, 2026 · Tesla · Tesla Robotaxi (Model Y ADS) · Orlando, Florida, USA
Details - Tesla Robotaxi teleoperator drove vehicle into tree stump in Houston, NHTSA data shows[COLLISION]
Jul 20, 2026 · Tesla · Tesla Robotaxi (Model Y ADS) · Orlando, Florida, USA
Details - NTSB preliminary report: Tesla Katy crash driver overrode FSD by pressing accelerator to 100%, vehicle exceeded 70 mph[REGULATORY ACTION]
Jul 15, 2026 · Tesla · Tesla Robotaxi (Model Y ADS) · Orlando, Florida, USA
Details - Tesla driver charged with manslaughter in Katy crash was Googling 'FSD too timid'[FATALITY]
Jul 3, 2026 · Tesla · Tesla Robotaxi (Model Y ADS) · Orlando, Florida, USA
Details - Tesla FSD driver charged with manslaughter after fatal crash into Texas home kills 76-year-old resident[FATALITY]
Jul 2, 2026 · Tesla · Tesla Robotaxi (Model Y ADS) · Orlando, Florida, USA
Details - Tesla FSD Supervised vehicle crashes into Katy TX home at 70+ mph, killing 76-year-old resident; driver pressed accelerator 100%[FATALITY]
Jun 29, 2026 · Tesla · Tesla Robotaxi (Model Y ADS) · Orlando, Florida, USA
Details - Texas tightens robotaxi rules after emergency response incidents[REGULATORY ACTION]
Jun 28, 2026 · Tesla · Tesla Robotaxi (Model Y ADS) · Orlando, Florida, USA
Details - NHTSA proposes amending FMVSS brake standards to remove manual controls requirement for autonomous vehicles[REGULATORY ACTION]
Jun 26, 2026 · Tesla · Tesla Robotaxi (Model Y ADS) · Orlando, Florida, USA
Details
Active Manufacturers & Operators
[184 Tracked]- Pudu Robotics
[PRIVATE] · 2 models · 5 deployments · Funding: $150M
Inspect - Tutor Intelligence
[PRIVATE] · 2 models · 5 deployments · Funding: $42M
Inspect - X-Humanoid
[RESEARCH] · 2 models · 5 deployments · Funding: $97M
Inspect - Zerith Robotics
[PRIVATE] · 2 models · 5 deployments · Funding: $88M
Inspect - Devanthro
[ACTIVE] · 1 models · 5 deployments · Funding: $780,000
Inspect - Humanoid
[ACTIVE] · 1 models · 5 deployments · Funding: $152M
Inspect - ABB
[ACTIVE] · 3 models · 3 deployments
Inspect - EngineAI
[PRIVATE] · 3 models · 4 deployments · Funding: $330M
Inspect - AeiROBOT
[ACTIVE] · 2 models · 4 deployments · Funding: $10M
Inspect - Aldebaran Robotics
[ACQUIRED] · 2 models · 4 deployments
Inspect - Chery Robotics
[SUBSIDIARY] · 2 models · 4 deployments
Inspect - CloudMinds
[PRIVATE] · 2 models · 4 deployments
Inspect - Dexmate
[ACTIVE] · 2 models · 4 deployments · Funding: see investors →
Inspect - Hiwonder
[PRIVATE] · 2 models · 4 deployments
Inspect - Nori Robotics
[PRIVATE] · 2 models · 4 deployments
Inspect
Regulatory Policies & Safety Standards
[50 Filings]- ANSI/A3 R15.08 - Industrial mobile robot (IMR) safety[in effect]
United States · safety standard
Inspect filing - ANSI/CAN/UL 3300:2024 - Safety for service, communication, information, education and entertainment (SCIEE) robots[in effect]
United States · safety standard
Inspect filing - ANSI/RIA R15.06 - US industrial robot and robot-system safety (adoption of ISO 10218)[in effect]
United States · safety standard
Inspect filing - BIS AI Diffusion Framework (Jan 13 2025)[in effect]
United States · operational restriction
Inspect filing - BIS Oct 17 2023 tightening of AI chip export controls[in effect]
United States · operational restriction
Inspect filing - FERC orders the six RTOs and ISOs to justify or reform large-load interconnection rules[in effect]
United States · operational restriction
Inspect filing - NIST AI Risk Management Framework (AI RMF 1.0): Voluntary Guidelines for Trustworthy AI[in effect]
United States · safety standard
Inspect filing - NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0: Expanded Coverage for Autonomous Systems[in effect]
United States · safety standard
Inspect filing - NIST Trustworthy AI in Critical Infrastructure Profile (2026)[in effect]
United States · safety standard
Inspect filing - NVIDIA H20 China export licensing requirement (April 2025)[in effect]
United States · operational restriction
Inspect filing - OSHA & ANSI 2026 Robot Guarding Requirements for Robotic Cells[in effect]
United States · safety standard
Inspect filing - OSHA workplace-robotics safety framework (United States)[in effect]
United States · safety standard
Inspect filing - Illinois Biometric Information Privacy Act (BIPA, 740 ILCS 14)[in effect]
Illinois · data protection
Inspect filing - Illinois BIPA: Biometric Information Privacy Act Amendments (2026)[in effect]
Illinois · data protection
Inspect filing - ERCOT opens a fast-track grid-connection path for large flexible loads (Batch Zero and PCLR)[in effect]
Texas · operational restriction
Inspect filing
AI Foundations & Model Brains
[12 Stacks]- 1X World Model[Verified Stack]
Powers: EVE, NEO
- Atlas-Gemini[Verified Stack]
Powers: Atlas
- Carbon[Verified Stack]
Powers: Phoenix
- GR00T N1 (Isaac GR00T)[Verified Stack]
Powers: AEON, Digit
- Gemini Robotics[Verified Stack]
Powers: Apollo
- Genie Operator-1 (GO-1)[Verified Stack]
Powers: AgiBot A2-W, AgiBot A2, AgiBot G2, AgiBot Lingxi X2, AgiBot Yuanzheng A2
- GraspVLA (Galbot)[Verified Stack]
Powers: Galbot G1
- Grok (xAI)[Verified Stack]
Powers: Tesla Optimus
- Helix (and Helix-02)[Verified Stack]
Powers: Figure 02, Figure 03
- Mentee Brain[Verified Stack]
Powers: MenteeBot, MenteeBot
- Mi-Sense (Xiaomi)[Verified Stack]
Powers: Xiaomi CyberOne
- Neuraverse Cognitive Stack[Verified Stack]
Powers: 4NE-1, MiPA