da Vinci (and Ion)
[production]surgical · food-service · 15 deployments in catalog
Verified (production anchor): Intuitive Surgical (NASDAQ: ISRG; founded 1995, Sunnyvale CA) is the dominant incumbent and the verified gold standard. VERIFIED installed base (SEC 10-Q, 3/31/2026): 11,395 da Vinci systems (+12% YoY), of which 1,464 are da Vinci 5; plus 1,041 Ion systems (+22% YoY). Q1 2026 procedures +17% worldwide; 431 da Vinci placed (232 of them da Vinci 5). da Vinci 5 FDA-cleared Mar 14 2024; Ion FDA-cleared Feb 2019., Axis-extension framing: Surgical robotics is physical AI operating in the MEDICAL regulatory regime. FDA clearance is the verified gating event for maturity. Intuitive clears it across multiple platforms + generations -> production., AI-substance: teleop baseline + shipped analytics AI; autonomy demo-only: da Vinci is master-slave teleoperated. SHIPPED AI: Case Insights (AI analysis of system/kinematics/video for surgeon performance) and machine-vision interface features; Force Feedback is a shipped sensing feature (not autonomy). Autonomous suturing/tissue-lifting via VLMs (Johns Hopkins/Stanford) are RESEARCH demonstrations on da Vinci hardware, NOT shipped. 4,000-mile telesurgery is investigational/in-development., Claimed but NOT verified: '43% less force' is a preclinical/marketing figure, not an outcomes-verified clinical result. The 1,464 da Vinci 5 subfigure is company-reported (corroborated, model-level breakout).
Manufacturer
Intuitive SurgicalForm Factor
surgical
Lifecycle
production
Operational Reality
Teleoperated
Deployments
15
Target Price
$1.8M to $2.5M (analyst estimate)
- SURGICAL
- PRODUCTION
Description
Intuitive Surgical (NASDAQ: ISRG; founded 1995, Sunnyvale, California) is the dominant incumbent and verified gold standard of surgical robotics. Its da Vinci platform spans the multi-port X and Xi systems, the SP single-port system, and the fifth-generation da Vinci 5, which the FDA cleared via 510(k) on March 14, 2024 with a headline Force Feedback sensing feature, alongside the Ion endoluminal robotic bronchoscopy system cleared in February 2019. As of its SEC Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2026, the verified installed base was 11,395 da Vinci systems, up 12 percent year over year and including 1,464 da Vinci 5 units, plus 1,041 Ion systems, up 22 percent, with worldwide procedures growing about 17 percent. Surgical robotics sits in the registry as a deliberate axis-extension: physical AI operating in the medical regulatory regime, where FDA clearance is the verified gating event for maturity, and Intuitive clears it across multiple platforms and generations, placing it at production maturity. On AI substance, da Vinci is a master-slave teleoperated system with shipped analytics-grade AI such as Case Insights and machine-vision interface features, and Force Feedback is a shipped sensing feature rather than autonomy; autonomous suturing and tissue manipulation via vision-language models are research demonstrations on da Vinci hardware, not shipped features, and the 4,000-mile telesurgery demonstration is investigational. The widely cited 43-percent-less-force figure is preclinical and marketing-sourced rather than an outcomes-verified clinical result.
Key facts & specs
- website
- https://r2surgical.com/blogs/news/how-much-is-a-surgical-robot-2025-edition
- maturity
- production
- lifecycle
- active
- manufacturer
- Intuitive Surgical
- deployments count
- 15
- Maturity stage
- production
- Dof
- 7
- Products
- da Vinci multi-port (X / Xi), da Vinci SP single-port, da Vinci 5 (5th-gen, FDA 510(k) Mar 14 2024, Force Feedback), and Ion endoluminal robotic bronchoscopy (FDA Feb 2019).
- Height cm
- 175.3
- Weight kg
- 544
- Form Factor
- surgical (teleoperated master-slave multi-port + single-port surgical robot; + endoluminal robotic bronchoscopy)
- Fda clearance
- da Vinci 5 FDA 510(k) cleared March 14, 2024; Ion FDA cleared February 2019
- Clearance body
- FDA
- Installed base
- 11,395 da Vinci systems as of Q1 2026 (SEC 10-Q, 3/31/2026)
- Production target
- 431 da Vinci placed in Q1 2026 (232 of them da Vinci 5)
- Autonomy level
- Master-slave teleoperated; shipped analytics AI (Case Insights, machine-vision); Force Feedback is sensing, not autonomy
- System price
- da Vinci Xi ~$1.5M; da Vinci 5 $1.8–2.5M (Forbes 2019; ACS Bulletin 2026; MedTech Dive analyst est.)
- Per-procedure instrument cost
- $700–$3,200 per procedure in disposable instruments/accessories; ~$1,900 avg replacement parts per operation; instruments ~$2,300 for a 10-use device (PMC5644490; Forbes 2019; Meditek)
- Annual service contract
- $100K–$175K per system per year (PMC5644490; r2surgical)
- Revenue ( F Y2025)
- $10.06B total: Instruments & Accessories $6.02B (60%), Systems $2.47B (24%), Services $1.57B (16%) (10-K, bullfincher/SEC)
- Gross margin
- Non-GAAP gross margin 69.1% in 2024; guided 65–66.5% for 2025 (Q1 2025 earnings release, SEC); GAAP gross profit $6.64B on $10.06B revenue in 2025
- Component: arms
- Patient-side cart with 3–4 robotic arms; each arm uses multiple maxon DC motors (RE 25, RE 13 with GP 13 planetary gearheads, RE 35) — 30+ maxon motors per system; ironless rotor, rare-earth magnets for zero cogging (maxon group blog)
- Component: vision/camera
- 3D HD endoscope system; da Vinci 5 has 4x pixel resolution vs Xi, 785nm Firefly fluorescence imaging, tip heater anti-fog; endoscope list price ~$25,000 (Intuitive 2023 price list); camera control units, image synchronizers, high-intensity illuminators
- Component: surgeon console
- Surgeon master controls with haptic feedback (da Vinci 5 adds Force Feedback); dual master manipulators with maxon motors; 3D stereoscopic viewer; ~150 design innovations in da Vinci 5; 10,000x computing power vs Xi
- Component: instruments
- EndoWrist disposable instruments (forceps, scissors, needle drivers, scalpels, electrocautery) with wristed joints; 10-use limit per instrument; cannulas $630–683, arm drapes $378–1092, stapler reloads $2,898 (Intuitive 2023 price list)
- Key supplier: maxon motors
- maxon group (Switzerland) supplies 30+ precision DC motors per system — RE 25, RE 13, RE 35 models with planetary gearheads and magnetic encoders; 10,000+ maxon motors in daily deployment (maxon blog, Intuitive mfg eng mgr quote)
- Manufacturing
- Vertically integrated at Sunnyvale, CA campus (1050 Kifer Rd); in-house design, assembly, and testing; expanding manufacturing footprint and supply chain network (Intuitive careers, job postings for Sunnyvale supply chain roles)
- Procedure volume
- 3.1M+ da Vinci procedures in 2025 (+18% YoY); 300+ avg procedures per system per year; 20M+ cumulative procedures; 1,721 systems placed in 2025 (Intuitive 2025 annual report)
- Razor-razorblade model
- 60% of revenue from recurring instruments/accessories ($6.02B); systems only 24% ($2.47B); high-margin disposables drive economics — ~$1,900/procedure × 300 procedures/yr = ~$570K annual recurring revenue per installed system
Autonomy: verified vs claimed
Teleoperated (human-controlled)
Independent audit: evaluates human teleoperation reliance, VR assistance, and vendor autonomy bounds.
Autonomous robotics system.
Availability and pricing
- price
- $1.8M to $2.5M (analyst estimate) · as of 2024-03-01
- lead time
- Not disclosed
- sales model
- Not disclosed
- availability
- Not sold (internal use)
- units in field
- Not disclosed
- pricing Model
- Not disclosed
Safety record
47 recalls and 9 incidents on record (2 catastrophic, 4 critical, 39 serious, 9 moderate, 2 minor). Most recent: Jun 2026.
Hardware architecture
- da Vinci SureForm StaplerACTUATOR[Safety Critical](primary safety)
SureForm stapling instrument
- da Vinci Instrument ArmACTUATOR[Safety Critical](primary safety)
Instrument arm
Supply chain
- Harmonic DriveACTUATORS & MOTORSsupplier
Harmonic Drive Harmonic Drive strain-wave gearboxes -- EndoWrist instrument wrist joints and robotic arm transmissions
FAQ
What is da Vinci (and Ion)?
Intuitive Surgical (NASDAQ: ISRG; founded 1995, Sunnyvale, California) is the dominant incumbent and verified gold standard of surgical robotics. Its da Vinci platform spans the multi-port X and Xi systems, the SP single-port system, and the fifth-generation da Vinci 5, which the FDA cleared via 510(k) on March 14, 2024 with a headline Force Feedback sensing feature, alongside the Ion endoluminal robotic bronchoscopy system cleared in February 2019. As of its SEC Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2026, the verified installed base was 11,395 da Vinci systems, up 12 percent year over year and including 1,464 da Vinci 5 units, plus 1,041 Ion systems, up 22 percent, with worldwide procedures growing about 17 percent. Surgical robotics sits in the registry as a deliberate axis-extension: physical AI operating in the medical regulatory regime, where FDA clearance is the verified gating event for maturity, and Intuitive clears it across multiple platforms and generations, placing it at production maturity. On AI substance, da Vinci is a master-slave teleoperated system with shipped analytics-grade AI such as Case Insights and machine-vision interface features, and Force Feedback is a shipped sensing feature rather than autonomy; autonomous suturing and tissue manipulation via vision-language models are research demonstrations on da Vinci hardware, not shipped features, and the 4,000-mile telesurgery demonstration is investigational. The widely cited 43-percent-less-force figure is preclinical and marketing-sourced rather than an outcomes-verified clinical result.
How much does da Vinci (and Ion) cost?
da Vinci (and Ion) is listed at $1,800,000 to $2,500,000 on the DEPLOY registry. This is an analyst estimate, not an official price.
Is da Vinci (and Ion) actually deployed in the real world?
Yes. da Vinci (and Ion) is independently verified in real-world operation on the DEPLOY registry, confirmed at named deployment sites with primary sources: not a concept, render, or demo-only.
Is da Vinci (and Ion) autonomous or teleoperated?
Not verified as fully autonomous. da Vinci (and Ion)'s capabilities on the DEPLOY registry are recorded as teleoperated-assisted, demonstrated-only, or vendor claims (Assists surgery), not independently confirmed to run without a human in the loop.
What are the specs of da Vinci (and Ion)?
da Vinci (and Ion)'s recorded specifications on the DEPLOY registry: Degrees of freedom: 7; Height: 175.3 cm; Weight: 544 kg. See the Specs section for the full sourced set.
Who makes da Vinci (and Ion)?
da Vinci (and Ion) is made by Intuitive Surgical, based in Sunnyvale, California, USA, founded in 1995.
Where is da Vinci (and Ion) deployed?
15 verified deployments of da Vinci (and Ion) are on the DEPLOY registry, including at United States (multiple hotel chains), Global (multiple sites), Tampa, Florida, USA.
Can you buy da Vinci (and Ion)?
da Vinci (and Ion) is in commercial deployment and is sold to operators; contact the manufacturer to buy, and see the pricing section for any recorded price.
Is da Vinci (and Ion) FDA cleared?
da Vinci (and Ion) has 10 regulatory records on the DEPLOY registry: FDA recall (Z-1232-2026), recalled; FDA recall (Z-1262-2023), recalled; FDA recall (Z-0340-2023), recalled and 7 more. See the Regulatory filings section for each agency source.
What are alternatives to da Vinci (and Ion)?
On the DEPLOY registry, comparable surgical robots to da Vinci (and Ion) include Edge Multi-Port Surgical Robot, Edison Histotripsy System, Stryker Mako SmartRobotics, Toumai.
How does da Vinci (and Ion) compare to Edge Multi-Port Surgical Robot?
da Vinci (and Ion) and Edge Multi-Port Surgical Robot (Edge Medical Robotics · 14 deployments) are both surgical robots on the DEPLOY registry. da Vinci (and Ion) has 15 verified deployments on record. Compare both records for specs, safety, deployments, and verified-vs-claimed autonomy.
Is da Vinci (and Ion) a top surgical?
On DEPLOY's intelligence score, which blends verified deployments, safety, adoption, media, and IP signals, da Vinci (and Ion) ranks in roughly the top under 1% of surgical models tracked by the registry.
What is da Vinci (and Ion)'s maturity stage?
da Vinci (and Ion) is at the production stage on the DEPLOY maturity ladder (research, prototype, pilot, commercial, production). Production stage means high-volume manufacture and commercial-scale deployments are sustained.
Is da Vinci (and Ion) safe?
da Vinci (and Ion) has 56 active incidents on record in the DEPLOY registry. 47 recalls and 9 incidents on record (2 catastrophic, 4 critical, 39 serious, 9 moderate, 2 minor). Most recent: Jun 2026. Retracted incidents are excluded from this count.
How much does a da Vinci surgical robot cost?
The da Vinci Xi costs approximately $1.5 to $2.5 million. The latest da Vinci 5 ranges from $1.8 to $2.5 million. The entry-level da Vinci X costs $0.8 to $1.8 million. Annual maintenance fees total about 10% of the initial purchase price. The average selling price of a da Vinci Xi is approximately $1.42 million.
Deployments
- da Vinci (and Ion) at Tampa, Florida, USA[OPERATIONAL]
Tampa, Florida, USA · Jun 1, 2024
- da Vinci (and Ion) at South Korea[OPERATIONAL]
South Korea · Jun 1, 2024
- da Vinci (and Ion) at Spain[OPERATIONAL]
Spain · Jun 1, 2025
- da Vinci (and Ion) at Hong Kong, China[OPERATIONAL]
Hong Kong, China · Sep 1, 2025
- da Vinci (and Ion) at US Hospitals (nationwide)[OPERATIONAL]
US Hospitals (nationwide) · Jul 1, 2025
- da Vinci (and Ion) at China[OPERATIONAL]
China · Jan 1, 2007
- da Vinci (and Ion) at Global (multiple sites)[OPERATIONAL]
Global (multiple sites) · Jul 1, 2000
- da Vinci (and Ion) at United States[OPERATIONAL]
United States · Dec 1, 2024
- da Vinci (and Ion) at United States[OPERATIONAL]
United States · Aug 1, 2024
- da Vinci (and Ion) at United States[OPERATIONAL]
United States · Apr 1, 2024
- da Vinci (and Ion) at Japan[OPERATIONAL]
Japan · Jan 1, 2009
- da Vinci (and Ion) at European Union[OPERATIONAL]
European Union · Jan 1, 2001
- da Vinci (and Ion) at United States[OPERATIONAL]
United States · Jan 1, 2000
- da Vinci (and Ion) at United States (multiple hotel chains)[OPERATIONAL]
United States (multiple hotel chains) · Jun 1, 2026
- da Vinci (and Ion) at Global (multiple sites)[SCALED]
Global (multiple sites) · Jan 1, 2026
Incidents affecting da Vinci (and Ion)
- AJRC citizen petition (FDA-2026-P-1299) requests Class I recall of all da Vinci 5 systems over intraoperative power failure defect[REGULATORY ACTION]
Feb 4, 2026
- Intuitive recalls da Vinci 30-degree 8mm Endoscope over risk of patient harm from monopolar energy[RECALL]
Nov 23, 2015
- da Vinci 5 console foot-pedal recall over a spring failure that can leave a pedal stuck pressed[RECALL]
Feb 26, 2025
- Intuitive recalls da Vinci Xi/X Conductive Cannula Reducer over metal tip that can dislodge inside patients[RECALL]
Dec 23, 2021
- da Vinci endoscope: light left on burned the patient after resting on the thigh (FDA MAUDE)[INJURY]
Jan 21, 2025
- Intuitive recalls da Vinci EndoWrist Stapler 45 over increased Stapler Firing Failed complaints[RECALL]
Jul 14, 2016
- Intuitive recalls da Vinci Fundus Grasper over jaws that can become stuck closed[RECALL]
Aug 8, 2015
- Intuitive recalls da Vinci 8mm Horizon Small Clip Applier over frayed or broken grip cables[RECALL]
Dec 19, 2024
- da Vinci Hot Shears (monopolar curved scissors) Class I recall: insulation micro-cracks caused tissue burns[RECALL]
May 8, 2013
- da Vinci X/Xi/5 recall: software error let instrument arms failing a ball-screw diagnostic stay in use[RECALL]
Feb 2, 2026
- da Vinci X/Xi/5 recall: software error let instrument arms failing a ball-screw diagnostic stay in use[RECALL]
Feb 2, 2026
- da Vinci X/Xi recall: loose instrument carriage from an out-of-spec linear-rail component[RECALL]
Feb 23, 2023
- Intuitive recalls da Vinci 8mm Large Needle Driver over frayed or broken grip cables[RECALL]
Dec 19, 2024
- Intuitive recalls da Vinci 8mm Maryland Bipolar Forceps over a cautery plug insert that can dislodge[RECALL]
May 8, 2013
- Intuitive recalls da Vinci S/Si Mega Needle Driver over broken or frayed grip cables[RECALL]
Dec 9, 2025
- Intuitive recalls da Vinci 8mm Mega SutureCut Needle Driver over frayed or broken grip cables[RECALL]
Dec 19, 2024
- Intuitive recalls da Vinci Monopolar Curved Scissors over frayed/broken grip cables causing loss of instrument control[RECALL]
Dec 19, 2024
- Intuitive recalls da Vinci 8mm Monopolar Curved Scissors over extension-tube cracks that can drop fragments into patients[RECALL]
Aug 15, 2018
- Intuitive recalls da Vinci S/Si Permanent Cautery Hook over frayed or broken pitch cables[RECALL]
Dec 9, 2025
- Intuitive recalls da Vinci 8mm ProGrasp Forceps over frayed or broken grip cables[RECALL]
Dec 19, 2024
- Intuitive recalls da Vinci Single-Site Wristed Needle Driver over dislodging or breakage causing uncontrolled movement[RECALL]
Oct 6, 2023
- Intuitive recalls da Vinci SP Access Port Kit over trays that can crack and breach sterility[RECALL]
Dec 15, 2025
- da Vinci SP: patient experienced abdominal pain, bleeding, and wound infection (FDA MAUDE)[INJURY]
Jun 18, 2025
- Intuitive recalls da Vinci 8mm SureForm 30 Gray Reloads (Class I) over incomplete staple lines[RECALL]
Mar 11, 2026
- da Vinci 8mm SureForm 30 Gray stapler reload recall after incomplete staple lines (1 death, 4 serious injuries)[RECALL]
Mar 11, 2026
- da Vinci Xi 8mm SureForm 30 stapler recall over staple-deployment failure and device fragments[RECALL]
Oct 7, 2022
- Intuitive recalls da Vinci SynchroSeal instruments over risk of insufficient vessel seals[RECALL]
Mar 3, 2022
- Intuitive recalls da Vinci Tip-Up Fenestrated Grasper over grip breakage that can drop steel fragments into patients[RECALL]
Jun 12, 2023
- Intuitive recalls da Vinci EndoWrist Vessel Sealer Extend instruments over risk of insufficient vessel seals[RECALL]
Mar 3, 2022
- Intuitive recalls da Vinci X systems over a high rate of ACJ board failure[RECALL]
Mar 7, 2018
- Intuitive recalls da Vinci X/Xi and S/Si Clip Appliers over unexpected motion from partial disengagement[RECALL]
Jul 1, 2022
- Intuitive recalls da Vinci Xi EndoWrist Suction Irrigator over unexpected arm motion in specific software scenarios[RECALL]
Mar 31, 2017
- Intuitive recalls da Vinci X/Xi SureForm 45 staplers over tissue pushout that can cause critical bleeding[RECALL]
Mar 17, 2022
- Intuitive recalls da Vinci X and Xi systems over defective capacitors that can cause vision loss or system errors[RECALL]
Jul 26, 2019
- Intuitive recalls da Vinci X/Xi and da Vinci 5 software that left failed-diagnostic arms available for clinical use[RECALL]
Nov 7, 2025
- Intuitive recalls da Vinci X/Xi systems over inadvertent energy delivery with Force bipolar instruments[RECALL]
Sep 20, 2022
- Intuitive Surgical recalls da Vinci X and Xi Universal Surgical Manipulators over cannula mount screws that can break (FDA Z-2046-2026)[RECALL]
Apr 2, 2026
- FDA clears Intuitive Surgical Ion software upgrade with AI-powered navigation and advanced imaging for lung biopsy[REGULATORY ACTION]
Oct 8, 2025
- Intuitive Surgical recalls 144 da Vinci 5 systems over surgeon console motor connector failure[RECALL]
Aug 21, 2024
- Intuitive Surgical recalls 12 da Vinci 5 systems over UI application crash and loss of monitor display[RECALL]
Nov 17, 2025
- Patient death linked to da Vinci SureForm 30 Gray stapler reload producing incomplete staple line on blood vessel[FATALITY]
Dec 20, 2025
- FDA warning letter to Intuitive Surgical over late reporting of da Vinci corrections and adverse events[REGULATORY ACTION]
Jul 19, 2013
- Intuitive Ion Endoluminal System recalls (fully-articulating catheter and Flexison biopsy needle)[RECALL]
Dec 2, 2020
- Intuitive Ion Endoluminal System recall: instrument-cart-arm screw issue (Z-2720-2024)[RECALL]
Sep 4, 2024
- Intuitive Ion Endoluminal System recall: probe-bag sterile-seal issue (Z-1134-2026)[RECALL]
Jan 28, 2026
- Intuitive Surgical administrative network breached via phishing; employee and customer data compromised[OTHER]
Mar 16, 2026
- Intuitive Surgical recalled da Vinci SureForm 30 stapler gray reloads after incomplete staple lines caused 4 serious injuries and 1 death[RECALL]
Mar 11, 2026
- Intuitive recalls Ion Fully Articulating Catheter over a distal tip ring that can become dislodged[RECALL]
Oct 23, 2020
- Intuitive recalls Ion Catheter Reprocessing Cover over disengagement that can retain cleaning chemicals[RECALL]
Jun 10, 2020
- Intuitive recalls Ion Flexision 19G Biopsy Needle over a sheath tip that can separate from the shaft[RECALL]
Aug 6, 2021
- Sunnybrook study: robotic-assisted knee replacement associated with double the risk of major complications[OTHER]
Apr 1, 2026
- FDA Class 2 recall: da Vinci 5 viewer display firmware issue causing loss of 3D surgical field[RECALL]
Feb 18, 2026
- Intuitive Surgical recalls da Vinci staplers after death and injuries[RECALL]
Apr 15, 2026
- Intuitive Surgical recalls 8mm SureForm 30 Gray Reloads after patient death[RECALL]
May 28, 2026
- Intuitive Surgical recalls da Vinci SP1098 instrument[RECALL]
Jun 22, 2026
- Intuitive Surgical da Vinci 5 receives FDA clearance for cardiac procedures[REGULATORY ACTION]
Jan 26, 2026