Robotaxis
Autonomous passenger vehicle fleets, automated driving systems (ADS), driverless permits, and commercial ride-hailing operations.
Active Deployments
[380 Recorded]- Avride Robotaxi (Hyundai Ioniq 5) at Dallas[OPERATIONAL]
Dallas · Dec 1, 2025 · Avride · Avride Robotaxi (Hyundai Ioniq 5)
Details - Carver21 at United States (multiple hotel chains)[OPERATIONAL]
United States (multiple hotel chains) · Jun 1, 2024 · DeepScale (Tesla) · Carver21
Details - Carver21 at Germany, Europe[OPERATIONAL]
Germany, Europe · Jun 1, 2024 · DeepScale (Tesla) · Carver21
Details - Chengxing Platform at China[OPERATIONAL]
China · Apr 1, 2024 · Zhuoyu Technology · Chengxing Platform
Details - comma four at Global (worldwide)[OPERATIONAL]
Global (worldwide) · Jan 1, 2025 · Comma AI · comma four
Details - Cybercab at Austin, Texas, USA[OPERATIONAL]
Austin, Texas, USA · Jul 1, 2026 · Tesla · Cybercab
Details - DiDi Autonomous Driving (Gemini) at Suzhou, China[OPERATIONAL]
Suzhou, China · Jan 1, 2020 · Didi Chuxing · DiDi Autonomous Driving (Gemini)
Details - DiDi Autonomous Driving (Gemini) at Beijing, China[OPERATIONAL]
Beijing, China · Jan 1, 2020 · Didi Chuxing · DiDi Autonomous Driving (Gemini)
Details - DiDi Autonomous Driving (Gemini) at Shanghai, China[OPERATIONAL]
Shanghai, China · Jun 1, 2020 · Didi Chuxing · DiDi Autonomous Driving (Gemini)
Details - Driven-by-QCraft at Jinhua, Zhejiang, China[OPERATIONAL]
Jinhua, Zhejiang, China · Jun 1, 2023 · QCraft · Driven-by-QCraft
Details - Driven-by-QCraft at Suzhou, China[OPERATIONAL]
Suzhou, China · Jul 1, 2020 · QCraft · Driven-by-QCraft
Details - Driven-by-QCraft at Suzhou, China[OPERATIONAL]
Suzhou, China · Sep 21, 2022 · QCraft · Driven-by-QCraft
Details - EZ10 at Tallinn, Estonia[OPERATIONAL]
Tallinn, Estonia · Jan 1, 2019 · EasyMile · EZ10
Details - EZ10 at Arlington, Texas, USA[OPERATIONAL]
Arlington, Texas, USA · Aug 1, 2017 · EasyMile · EZ10
Details - EZ10 at Toulouse, France[OPERATIONAL]
Toulouse, France · Jan 1, 2018 · EasyMile · EZ10
Details
Hardware Platforms & Robot Models
[130 Indexed]- Zeekr RT (Ojai)[PRODUCTION][2026]
The Zeekr RT, later rebranded as Waymo Ojai, is a purpose-built electric robotaxi vehicle manufactured by Zeekr for Waymo's autonomous ride-hailing service.
Zeekr · robotaxis · 2 deployments
View spec - Pandar64[PRODUCTION][2024]
The Pandar64 is a high-performance mechanical LiDAR sensor in Hesai's Pandar product line, designed for autonomous vehicles and robotaxis.
Pandar LiDAR · robotaxis · 2 deployments
View spec - Momenta Robotaxi[PRODUCTION][2022]
Momenta Global (HKEX: 6880) is a Chinese autonomous driving company founded in 2016 that provides mass-production smart driving systems and operates a robotaxi service.
Momenta Global · robotaxis · 1 deployment
View spec - Waymo Driver (6th gen)[COMMERCIAL][2020–2026]
The sixth-generation Waymo Driver is Waymo's autonomous driving stack for fully autonomous robotaxi service.
Waymo · robotaxis · 51 deployments
View spec - Zoox Robotaxi[COMMERCIAL][2021–2026]
Zoox's purpose-built bidirectional autonomous robotaxi, designed from scratch without a steering wheel or pedals and featuring carriage-style seating for four passengers (two facing forward, two backward).
Zoox · robotaxis · 30 deployments
View spec - May Mobility Autonomous Sienna[COMMERCIAL][2019–2026]
May Mobility's autonomous, ADA-accessible Toyota Sienna minivan fleet running its Multi-Policy Decision Making (MPDM) autonomy stack for microtransit / robotaxi service.
May Mobility · robotaxis · 15 deployments
View spec - Ojai[COMMERCIAL][2024–2026]
Purpose-built robotaxi featuring the 6th-generation Waymo Driver with 13 cameras, 6 radars, 4 LiDARs, and sensor heaters/wipers/sprayers for all-weather operation.
Waymo · robotaxis · 18 deployments
View spec - Aurora Driver[COMMERCIAL][2022–2026]
Aurora Driver is a Level 4 autonomous driving system designed for Class 8 long-haul freight trucks.
Aurora Innovation · robotaxis · 17 deployments
View spec - Pony Gen-7 Robotaxi[COMMERCIAL][2025–2026]
Pony AI's seventh-generation autonomous robotaxi, launched into fully-driverless commercial service in November 2025 across Guangzhou, Shenzhen, and Beijing.
Pony AI · robotaxis · 14 deployments
View spec - Cruise AV (Chevrolet Bolt)[COMMERCIAL][2021–2024]
Cruise's driverless robotaxi, based on the Chevrolet Bolt EV, which operated without a human safety driver in San Francisco commercial service from 2023 until driverless operations ended after the October 2, 2023 pedestrian-dragging incident.
Cruise · robotaxis · 8 deployments
View spec - Autoware[COMMERCIAL][2020–2025]
Autoware is the world's first open-source software stack for autonomous driving, built on ROS and maintained by TIER IV and the Autoware Foundation.
Tier IV · robotaxis · 6 deployments
View spec - Apollo RT6[COMMERCIAL][2022–2026]
Baidu's sixth-generation autonomous robotaxi, a purpose-built battery-electric vehicle (cross between an SUV and a minivan, with a detachable steering wheel) built on Baidu's Apollo Galaxy / Xinghe self-driving platform.
Baidu · robotaxis · 6 deployments
View spec - EZ10[COMMERCIAL][2016–2025]
The EasyMile EZ10 is a battery-electric Level 4 autonomous shuttle seating up to ~6 (plus standees / a wheelchair); it is the world's most-deployed autonomous shuttle, used in 30-plus cities across 16-plus countries.
EasyMile · robotaxis · 6 deployments
View spec - Robotaxi GXR[COMMERCIAL][2025–2026]
WeRide's mass-produced purpose-built robotaxi, launched October 2024 on Geely Farizon's SuperVAN platform.
WeRide · robotaxis · 5 deployments
View spec - Aurora[COMMERCIAL][2024–2025]
Loram's Aurora is an automated machine-vision track-inspection system that images crossties and track components at speed to detect defects and assess track condition, part of Loram's rail/track inspection and optimization portfolio.
Loram · robotaxis · 4 deployments
View spec
Real-World Incidents & Failure Modes
[451 Logged]- Waymo recalls 3800 robotaxis after vehicle drove into flooded roadway[RECALL]
May 12, 2026 · Waymo · Waymo Driver (6th gen) · Sacramento, California, USA
Details - Waymo recalls ~3800 robotaxis over risk of entering flooded roads[RECALL]
May 12, 2026 · Waymo · Waymo Driver (6th gen) · Sacramento, California, USA
Details - Waymo recalls approximately 3,800 robotaxis over risk of driving into flooded roads[RECALL]
May 12, 2026 · Waymo · Waymo Driver (6th gen) · Sacramento, California, USA
Details - NHTSA opens investigation into Avride after 16 crashes in Dallas and Austin[REGULATORY ACTION]
May 8, 2026 · Avride · Avride Robotaxi (Hyundai Ioniq 5) · Austin
Details - Waymo recalls 3,791 5th/6th-gen ADS vehicles over flooded roadway detection failure[RECALL]
May 6, 2026 · Waymo · Waymo Driver (6th gen) · Portland, Oregon, USA
Details - Waymo recalls 3,791 ADS-equipped vehicles over flooded roadway detection failure (NHTSA 26E026)[RECALL]
May 6, 2026 · Waymo · Waymo Driver (6th gen) · Sacramento, California, USA
Details - NHTSA opened an investigation into Avride after 16 robotaxi crashes in Dallas and Austin[REGULATORY ACTION]
May 6, 2026 · Avride · Avride delivery robot · Bowling Green, Ohio, USA
Details - ADS crash report in San Francisco, CA involving a JAGUAR I-PACE (NHTSA SGO 30270-15096)[COLLISION]
May 1, 2026 · Waymo · Waymo Driver (6th gen) · Sacramento, California, USA
Details - ADS crash report in Atlanta, GA involving a JAGUAR I-PACE (NHTSA SGO 30270-15073)[COLLISION]
May 1, 2026 · Waymo · Waymo Driver (6th gen) · Sacramento, California, USA
Details - ADS crash report in Los Angeles, CA involving a JAGUAR I-PACE (NHTSA SGO 30270-15011)[COLLISION]
May 1, 2026 · Waymo · Waymo Driver (6th gen) · Sacramento, California, USA
Details - ADS crash report in Inglewood, CA involving a JAGUAR I-PACE (NHTSA SGO 30270-15246)[COLLISION]
May 1, 2026 · Waymo · Waymo Driver (6th gen) · Sacramento, California, USA
Details - ADS crash report in San Francisco, CA involving a JAGUAR I-PACE (NHTSA SGO 30270-15160)[COLLISION]
May 1, 2026 · Waymo · Waymo Driver (6th gen) · Sacramento, California, USA
Details - ADS crash report in Atlanta, GA involving a JAGUAR I-PACE (NHTSA SGO 30270-15067)[COLLISION]
May 1, 2026 · Waymo · Waymo Driver (6th gen) · Sacramento, California, USA
Details - ADS crash report in Culver City, CA involving a JAGUAR I-PACE (NHTSA SGO 30270-15102)[COLLISION]
May 1, 2026 · Waymo · Waymo Driver (6th gen) · Sacramento, California, USA
Details - ADS crash report in Phoenix, AZ involving a JAGUAR I-PACE (NHTSA SGO 30270-15253)[COLLISION]
May 1, 2026 · Waymo · Waymo Driver (6th gen) · Sacramento, California, USA
Details
Active Manufacturers & Operators
[108 Tracked]- Waymo
[SUBSIDIARY] · 5 models · 72 deployments · Funding: $27.1B
Inspect - Tesla
[PUBLIC] · 4 models · 40 deployments
Inspect - Aurora Innovation
[PUBLIC] · 4 models · 34 deployments · Funding: $1.9B
Inspect - Zoox
[SUBSIDIARY] · 1 models · 30 deployments · Funding: $1.8B
Inspect - Nuro
[PRIVATE] · 3 models · 26 deployments · Funding: $2.3B
Inspect - Avride
[SUBSIDIARY] · 2 models · 23 deployments · Funding: $375M
Inspect - May Mobility
[PRIVATE] · 1 models · 15 deployments · Funding: $173M
Inspect - Pony AI
[PUBLIC] · 1 models · 14 deployments · Funding: $664M
Inspect - Gatik
[PRIVATE] · 2 models · 12 deployments · Funding: $85M
Inspect - Plus
[PRIVATE] · 2 models · 8 deployments · Funding: $740M
Inspect - Cruise
[SUBSIDIARY] · 2 models · 9 deployments · Funding: $6.2B
Inspect - Beep
[ACTIVE] · 1 models · 7 deployments · Funding: see investors →
Inspect - Baidu
[PUBLIC] · 2 models · 7 deployments · Funding: $1.5B
Inspect - EasyMile
[ACTIVE] · 2 models · 7 deployments · Funding: $55M
Inspect - Tier IV
[PUBLIC] · 1 models · 6 deployments · Funding: $373M
Inspect
Regulatory Policies & Safety Standards
[139 Filings]- NHTSA Engineering Analysis EA26002: Tesla FSD Reduced-Visibility Crash Investigation (3.2M Vehicles)[in effect]
United States · operational restriction
Inspect filing - NHTSA Investigation: Waymo Robotaxis Passing Stopped School Buses[in effect]
United States · other
Inspect filing - NHTSA Proposed FMVSS 102 Amendment to Exempt AVs from Transmission Shift Visibility Requirements[proposed]
United States · operational restriction
Inspect filing - NHTSA Recall: Waymo 3,791 Robotaxis Over Flooded Road Incident (San Antonio, OTA Fix)[in effect]
United States · operational restriction
Inspect filing - NHTSA Recall: Waymo 5th Gen Robotaxi Software Update (505 Units)[in effect]
United States · operational restriction
Inspect filing - NHTSA Recall: Zoox Robotaxi Pedestrian Collision Risk Software Update[in effect]
United States · operational restriction
Inspect filing - NHTSA Recall: Zoox Robotaxi Software Update for Heavy Smoke Visibility (26E044)[in effect]
United States · operational restriction
Inspect filing - NHTSA Reviewing Robomart Exemption Application for Low-Speed Autonomous Vehicle[proposed]
United States · permit
Inspect filing - NHTSA SGO: ADS and Level 2 ADAS Crash Reporting Requirements (2026 Comment Period)[in effect]
United States · operational restriction
Inspect filing - NHTSA Third Amended Standing General Order on ADS/ADAS Crash Reporting[in effect]
United States · safety standard
Inspect filing - NIST AI Risk Management Framework (AI RMF 1.0): Voluntary Guidelines for Trustworthy AI[in effect]
United States · safety standard
Inspect filing - NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0: Expanded Coverage for Autonomous Systems[in effect]
United States · safety standard
Inspect filing - NIST Trustworthy AI in Critical Infrastructure Profile (2026)[in effect]
United States · safety standard
Inspect filing - NVIDIA H20 China export licensing requirement (April 2025)[in effect]
United States · operational restriction
Inspect filing - SELF DRIVE Act of 2026 — Federal AV Preemption Framework[proposed]
United States · operational restriction
Inspect filing
AI Foundations & Model Brains
[12 Stacks]- Apollo ADFM (Baidu)[Verified Stack]
Powers: Apollo RT6
- Aurora Driver[Verified Stack]
Powers: Aurora Driver, Aurora Driver on International LT (2nd-gen), Aurora Driver on Peterbilt 579 (PACCAR), Volvo VNL Autonomous
- Avride ADS[Verified Stack]
Powers: Avride delivery robot, Avride Robotaxi (Hyundai Ioniq 5)
- Gatik Driver[Verified Stack]
Powers: Gatik Autonomous Box Truck, Gatik Autonomous Drive
- Mobileye Drive[Verified Stack]
Powers: Mobileye Drive, Volvo EX90, VW ID. Buzz AD
- Nuro Driver[Verified Stack]
Powers: Nuro Autonomous Prius, Nuro R2, Nuro R3
- Plus SuperDrive[Verified Stack]
Powers: PlusDrive, Plus SuperDrive Autonomous Truck
- PonyWorld (Pony.ai Virtual Driver)[Verified Stack]
Powers: Pony Gen-7 Robotaxi
- Tesla FSD-Bot[Verified Stack]
Powers: Cybercab, Tesla Optimus, Tesla Robotaxi (Model Y ADS), Semi
- VLT (XPENG VLA / VLA 2.0)[Verified Stack]
Powers: XPeng IRON, XPENG Robotaxi
- Waymo Driver[Verified Stack]
Powers: Waymo Driver (6th gen), Ojai, Waymo Via (autonomous trucking)
- WeRide One[Verified Stack]
Powers: Robotaxi GXR